DONIPHAN, Mo. – With breeding season approaching, University of Missouri Extension specialists emphasize the importance of proper bull preparation.

“Strategic bull management directly impacts reproductive success and herd profitability,” said Jason C. Morris, MU Extension agricultural business specialist.

MU Extension will host breeding soundness exams Thursday, May 15, at Hillcrest Animal Hospital in Poplar Bluff.

Alexis Stumpe, MU Extension livestock field specialist, said March-May is the ideal time to implement preparation protocols.

“We recommend a four-part approach focusing on body condition, structural soundness, health protocols and fertility testing,” she said.

She stresses that bulls should enter breeding season at a body condition score (BCS) of 6 on a 9-point scale.

“A bull at BCS 6 has adequate fat reserves without being over-conditioned,” she said. “This optimizes both libido and breeding stamina.”

Producers can access detailed scoring guidelines in MU Extension publication G2230, “Body Condition Scoring of Beef Cattle,” which is available for free download at https://extension.missouri.edu/publications/g2230.

Sound feet and legs are nonnegotiable for breeding bulls, Stumpe says. She also recommends foot scoring, with ideal bulls scoring between 3 and 7 on hoof and pastern assessments.

“Lameness issues can sideline your best genetics,” she said. For evaluation standards, she references MU Extension publication G2093, “Screening Criteria for Show-Me-Select Replacement Heifers,” at https://extension.missouri.edu/publications/g2093.

Both specialists highlight the importance of veterinary collaboration.

“A comprehensive health program should include vaccinations and parasite control for new bulls,” said Morris. “Preventive health care is one of the highest-return investments in a breeding operation.”

The breeding soundness exam (BSE) serves as the cornerstone of reproductive preparation.

“A BSE evaluates everything from semen quality to structural fitness,” Morris said. “We recommend scheduling exams 30-60 days before breeding to allow time for replacements if needed.”

MU Extension collaborates with veterinary clinics and pharmaceutical partners to host specialized BSE Days across Missouri.

“These events provide education on genomic testing, foot scoring and BCS evaluation while offering rebates on health products,” Morris said.

Morris underscores the economic implications: “A single infertile bull can cost producers thousands in lost pregnancies. Testing is significantly cheaper than the alternative.”

Producers are encouraged to contact participating veterinary clinics or their local MU Extension center for scheduling. Whether through BSE Days or your regular veterinarian, the important thing is to get bulls tested, Stumpe said.

Hillcrest Animal Hospital is at 700 S. Shelby Road in Poplar Pluff. Contact the clinic at 573-785-1471.